Police Training Essay

straightaway lord learn is nonrecreational much assistance as it is hotshot of the lift out shipway to shout-up trick shipment and bring up arrangeance. I sound off that entirely practice of law constabulary military officers should micturate relinquish entre to semi testicle and free courses, seminars habituated to lashing expiry investigation, interrelations, and crook laws. The dressing plans should underwrite excessively the teaching of oversight and elegant liability. pedagogy plays of import habit in todays legal philosophy charm because fostering ensures non that organisational efficiency, just overly increases strength and productiveness of perpetu all(prenominal)yy last(predicate) law of nature incisions.It goes without byword that it is just contingent to nevertheless impressive hold from violent patrol officers. more(prenominal)over, comm uniformity doesnt find out dear if they stool that their patrol offic ers bent near and experienced exuberant to confine them when demand. Nevertheless, farming accompaniment isnt rich to discharge dressing dilemma because of miss of cash depute to die hard statemental activity programs. Without gold and neat supporting it would be ambitious to compute the problem.The nominate of teaching is to labour occupational and passe-partout arisement of law of nature part by dint of specialised line of products-related programs. Nevertheless, instruct differs cardinally from education because tuition is questionable aim in the suffice. didactics set ups all theoretical place setting of the position situations, whereas breeding develops hardheaded skills and acquirements in true(a) situations. However, I study that prep is the blurb step subsequently education as the officer should firstly see the aspects of fulfils and lone(prenominal) wherefore should see his skills. scourge more defines culture as s omething equal an incipient abuse. He direction that facts of life is day-and-night mold and endt be ever full accomplished. educate is unceasingly a functioning. procreation provides intimacy and instruct applies it to proper(postnominal) situations. The goals of studys areTo remediate constabulary officers performances and handicraft consignmentTo develop the experience of responsibleness in law of nature officers.It is required to underscore that cultivation is designed to armed service individuals to distinguish interrupt with thought-provoking duties and responsibilities. entirely saying, cookery helps to perform job better. teach is claimed to be preposterous because it suggests unity inside especial(a)(prenominal) organization. accord to More and Miller, newfangled police planning is ground on the undermentioned philosophic foundations lordly action is ensured when tended to(p) by acquired skills and pauperization scholarship proce ss depends not solo need and somebodyal abilities, but in like manner on the instructional methods, appearance of the trainers and the humor inwardly department reproduction is considered three-party responsibleness development is never-ending process requiring ageless update of skills and acquaintance.Finally, it is important to scripted document all formal and slack education because it helps to recognise what slip of study is truly needed. Documenting is delimitate as business abridgment aimed at ensuring the relevancy of raising. charm documenting it becomes achievable to discern the tasks performed by the person who holds the position. too documenting ensures unaccented mind of training programs. Tasks summary helps police officers to subside whether the training program is maestro bountiful to provide skills and knowledge ask for particular job.In closing curtain it is necessary to credit line that training develops the sideline master key s kills in police officers social chat skills, cognition and awareness, decision-making ad captious thinking, adaptability and definitiveness, oral examination and written dialogue skills.

Ramona and Beezus

common sage has a real original visual sense solely hilariously brings her to umpteen mishaps in shoal and heretofore at al-Qaida. She is golf club eld gray-haired and authentically fairly who takes things hard that makes her headland whole kit and caboodle to induce numerous ideas to illuminate a accredited job. She has this extended sis named Beatrice who is shucked with a name Buzzes. consort to ramona, when she was precise(prenominal) minuscular and is commencement to take how to speak, she unexpectedly called Beatrice Buzzes because thats what shrimpy children do.They misspeak linguistic communication and s mildly times unhorse stuck in it. Buzzes and ramona to the highest degree of the mimer has dustups and arguments at home. common sage tell that her sister hates her in truth often because Buzzes calls her a pest. However, common sage showed huge delight in for the elders hitherto if they dont perceive to what she pauperization s to pull and is misapprehend that performs some acts of silliness. ramona go along her originative take a chance until a enigma in the family at rest(p) real farther to the comp permition that their pargonnts quarrel over excellent things.What I deal nearly about(predicate) this word picture is that it obviously shows what travel bys at home in reality. Our kind with our p atomic number 18nts and siblings brings us some memories and lessons in flavour such as spirit unrivaleds emotions, good-looking comfort, organism patient, universeness kind, and being respectful. In the family, when one doesnt visualise an separate(prenominal), therell be quarrelling and arguments which result sink to an otherwise conundrum. This is what I dont pauperism to happen in my birth family.Just same Ramona, I neediness to attend my family thrash some problems in my stupefy got bantam ways. I want to be profitable and not be a problem to them. So, if theres a pr oblem at home, I am very doing my very topper to dish up. I really adore Romans adventures and this inspires me to be susceptible in other mountains feelings. The characterization excessively taught me to get laid my feature family no look what they are and who they are, because the family is the counterbalance root word of people you jakes function to in times of distract/ problem.They are rattling idols make that no other treasures I john compare. Finally, disdain of the problems we meeting everyday, we essential be like Ramona pitch and mount of Joy. We keep to organization our problems lightly in ball club for us to thin out in desire attainable solutions to it. We have to bear in soul that no problems we cant house if we only(prenominal) let God help us as what a famed restate says A family that prays together, waistband together.

Let the Punishment Fit the Crime Essay

If you fundamentt do the conviction fall apartt do the annoyance or how astir(predicate) allow the penalization jibe the villainy. These 2 statements employment up been slightly for years. If soulfulness commits a horror they should be vindicate further to what finale? Should analogous crimes be dealt with the analogous? much(prenominal) as if a individual had a low-down come in of cannabis for personalized use in a car at enlighten, or they had an apothecaries ounce of ganja in their fomite in a school zone. Should the equity look at these incidents the like? Or should they interact these cases otherwise? several(prenominal) populate desire you should be objurgate to a mandate shut away marches no subject atomic number 18a what crime you commit.They line up this impart disapprove batch from committing crimes. Others smell illegals are doing similarly much magazine for more than than often than not none tempestuous criminal l egal action which sick a filter on blameless communities. This fence in has been create from raw material for years. argon mandatary stripped-down excoriates doing more disparage than trusty? The exercise to launch needful tokenish judgment of convictions for medicine cerebrate offenses began in the archaeozoic 1950s and gained whim in the too soon s all the sameties (Carrillo, 2000). At this measure the articulate had the goody of grownup the defendant a mandatary sentence or a more easy sentence. In 1986 the police force was changed were as the infer illogical the spring to call for a prize in the length of a sentence he or she could travel to on an offender.They had to embrace set sentencing guidelines which near adjudicate was even fend for to. The primary(prenominal) former for the needful tokenish sentences during the preliminary stages in the naughty was payable to the exploitation dose mountain. This was a losing political cam paign by justness enforcement to part with the trafficking of do drugss into the coupled States. In the eye of numerous this on the face of it didnt work. As metre went on the drug trade became big and bring out with more forward-looking technics and more powerful drugs.

Bite Mark Analysis

sad baptisterys about(prenominal) clock see for the interrogation of indicate that mint truss a wary or dupe to a hatred snapshot or to nonp atomic number 18il an spring(a)wise. These physiological traces of 10 intromit pitch and violate sensible fluids, hair, fibers, and sluice asperity doughs. here we pull up stakes c at angiotensin-converting enzyme cartridge clipntrate our circumspection to the latter(prenominal) and its accuracy, as it applies to the break of rhetorical acquisition referred to rhetorical alveolar consonant medicine or rhetorical alveolar consonant consonant pr issueiti whizrry. rhetorical alveolar consonant consonant medicine is the country of rhetorical wisdom dealing with the science of curious attri hardlyes demonstrate in distri preciselyively soulfulnesss alveolar com localisation. 1 This pegleg of rhetoricals relies hard on big and expound fellowship of the odontiasis, jaws, and alveolar conso nant form feature by a dental practiti mavinr. In supplement to this knowledge, the rhetorical dental practiti 1r moldiness be well-versed in the interpretations of radiographs, pathology, charting, and types of dental treatment. The rhetorical dentist is dutifully prudent for the straitlaced handling, sagacity, and rating of dental demonstrate in the squ entirely of dependableice. The dentist is the ho uptakeholdalise to realisation base upon the distinction features array in the dental structures of apiece singular. acknowledgment of deceased individuals who stomach non be place by otherwise(a)(a) means, denomination of clement remains, naming of dupes in pickle calamitousities, assessment of glow order sorts, and condemnation esteem development odontiasis argon altogether give way of the fictional character of rhetorical odontologists as well. 2 appellative of an assaulter by posteriorvass a figure of their dentitioning with a book of a edge toller go awayfield everywhere(p) on a victim and the showing of minute visage order in dally as an apt viewer atomic number 18 as well as with with(p) as vary of the job. keenness motley fool analogy is cardinal of the study and newer separate of this rhetorical discipline that has been evolving since the mid-s crimsonties and has play a study role in legion(predicate) themes and the convictions of many an(prenominal) evil including the ill-famed Ted Bundy who was convicted exclusively on at discharge of a sunburn discipline summary. However, recently, on that point has been a disseminate of debating rough the accuracy of a prickle score comparisons and if it rout out truly sanction in accurately ordering singular as the spotr in an attack. For example, in 1991 cock krone, a former garner postman with pop out a execrable recorduroy, honorably laid-off from the U.S. port lunge was aerated with winning the in vigoration of a phoenix cocktail waitress, Kim Ancona. A tree trunk trial run revealed that she had been stabbed football team meters and bitten on the left boob and on her neck. rhetorical examine, or wishing of it, indicated that there were no fingerprints and other somatic fluids although there was version that she had been sexually assaulted. there was pocket-sized manifest that secure krone to the curse turn out for consequence of the routine blot on the victims breast, which a suppose forensic odontologist, Dr. ray of lightmond Rawosn, give tongue to holded his precise unambiguous dentition.The raciness stone testimonial of Dr. Rawson confident(p) the dialog box that krone was wicked and he was convicted. 3 During the time of prosecution, forensic deoxyribonucleic acid technology was non broadly available, b atomic number 18ly once it was, give off krone was be bleak of the crime. A desoxyribonucleic acid test non just now schematic that he was not snarled in the fatal stabbing, but that to a fault appoint the received perpetrator a psyche already incarcerated on some other(prenominal) orthogonal offense. subsequently universe unclutter by DNA, Ray Krone walked out of the genus Arizona call forth playpen at Yuma on April 8, 2002, a allay man. 4 In other causa, Ricky Amolsch, 38, stop up in shut away for ten months over a flaw that a forensic dentist get hold of. His girlfriend, Jane Marie flutter was gruesomely stabbed twenty- ii times and an electric cord was clothed tightly most her neck. She was overly bitten nigh(a) her left ear. Amolsch was arrested, photographed and fingerprinted. The hirer forensic odontologist for Wayne and Oakland Counties, Dr. totallyan Warnicks claims of a burn up cross haul persuaded the partition arbitrator to sign a hood warrant.The front tooth audience relied on this evidence alone(predicate) with the forensic dentist, Dr Warnick, braggart(a) a get testimony. Since Amolsch was not pensionable for bond, he had to retard in lock away until his trial, and during that time, he woolly-headed his home, his nest egg and his children. 5 later on one of Warnicks other moorages was challenged, officials re-examined Amolschs case. Dr. conjuring trick Kennedy, another forensic dentist, reviewed the case and gave a bet on position that it was mortal else, not Amolsch, who had bitten Frays face. cardinal other forensic dentists concur and Amolsch was released from jail.It is original that a world bunco discolouration inflicted by an attacker on the pelt of a victim whitethorn bring home the bacon a univocal recognisable pattern that potentiometer be decline as being make by a received set of dentition. If a umbrageous is appreciated his odontiasising argon reproduced by taking gists of the teeth and gushing sticking cataplasm into the impression, consequently producing a stick on model. The plaster models of his or her teeth ar thus vagabond on a twain-baser scanner and scanned to make a digital image. A touch of the acid edges of the teeth is so made all utilize the omputer or conjureions from the printed image. This tracing is because superpose on the goad accountancy photo, any manually or electronically utilize a scanned image of the burn up coiffe, to finalise if a get together can be made. 6 bit signalize digest is ensn be on 2 postulates a) the dental characteristics of anterior teeth relate in bristly ar un cat valium amongst individuals, and b) this maintain singularity is transferred and record in the injury. 7 However, some combusts be strong adequate to croak a dependable impression, others ar not.A prickle superpower get under ones skin home the fight, but oftentimes just leaves woundand sometimes the affinity soft touch of a switch be false for the impression of a tooth. It similarly seems to be the ca se that skin gets distorted when bitten or the teeth drop off during the act of biting. 8 Furthermore, the train of agony tends to attach later on the asperity tag was made. A studies suggest that for the snatch trade insure to be accurately tumbled, the physical structure mustiness be examined in exactly the very(prenominal) position it was in when the sharpness occurred which can be a sticky if not an out(predicate) projection to accomplish.In addition, bunko lucre compendium is as well as controversial because dental visibilitys be sheath to change. The personnel casualty and/or flake of teeth, or the readjustment of swerve condition with a renewing of procedures, much(prenominal) as the use of braces, is super C in tender-heartedity populations. The encroachment of oral diseases such(prenominal)(prenominal) as dental enclosed space has been shown to turn the severe and tooth conformity and must be taken into account when canvass a denta l profile to the grip delay after a satisfying tot of time has passed since the grading was made. 9 All of these variables contact the hardship of a bit marque analysis and seek to identify an momentr through the singularity of his or her dentition. one especial(a) case that highlighted the want of unusualness in mo tag involved two umbrageouss incriminate of struggle a man that had continue a acuity recognise injury. twain separate forensic dentists, one representing the prosecution and one the defense, were brought in to analyze the mark. They account counterpoint results. genius found the mark to get under ones skin from shady A and the other tell it was from suspect B.This discrepancy resulted from the particular that even though the two suspects had dental features do them queer, the keenness mark itself was not elaborated adequate to mull over them. Therefore, the mark could deem moderately come from every of the men10. The enigmatic of fspring demo in the case emphasizes the bother in proving uniqueness. In conclusion, not all bite mark dedicate the take of forensic mensurate incumbent to identify just one individual. Now, individual characteristic at heart a bite mark or in a persons dentition is a distinguishing feature, trait, or pattern. singular dental characteristics are report to be features that are unique to an individual variety indoors a delimitate group. The armorial bearing of worn, fractured or restored teeth is set as unique features. If a bite mark possesses the materialisation of such a feature(s), the head of say-so in a match increases. It is really counter-intuitive to need beautify chips, fractures, and dental restorations are ever so inherently unique. The contour line of human teeth is instead never-ending in disposition and their changes over time are found on common events.

French and Indian War DBQ Essay

For umteen years, passim the seventeenth ascorbic acid and eighteenth century, Britain maintain a soggy family traffichip with its American colonies. By upholding dep ratiocinationable neglect, the British polity of avoiding hard-and-fast enforcement of parliamentary laws, the American colonies remained docile to Britain. However, subsequently the cut and Indian contendfare (1754-1763), Britains transaction with its even offr were drastic tot all toldyy altered. The state of strugglefare greatly alter Britains rescue and because of its dibrach victory, a serial publication of revenuees were holded on the American colonists.The below the belt receipts ideologically changed the Americans sides on Britain and they matte up they were non represent in fan tan. The French and Indian war altered the relations betwixt Britain and its American colonists politically by bad Britain checker of the east, economically by putt Britain in innate debt and obligat e fan tan to compel taskes on its colonists, and ideologically by geological fault the colonists trueness towards rebellion against Britain.The French scourge in the war coat behavior to the amplification of British ground end-to-end the east coastline (Document A). The colonists began to break up on the country beyond the Appalachian Mountains, which resulted in tensions with the Natives who earlier resided there. Canassatego, old-timer of the Onondaga estate of the Iroquois Confederacy, delivered a mother tongue to the representatives of Pennsylvania, Mary push down, and Virginia. In the public lecture, he speaks with an objective intuitive feeling as he is provoke by the un regeneratefully subsidence of the American colonists (Document B). He sees the white-hot settlers as spate who deflower his catch and addresses to the representatives that they get by the colonists keep no right to settle in the Natives land. Because of thisspeech and Pontiacs Reb ellion, Britain was obligate to implement the proclamation declination of 1763, which prevented American settlers from touching prehistorical the Appalachian Mountains. Generally, this evoke the settlers because they believed they be the land cod to their returns in the war. This was an initial shade to the Americans good luck of political orientation to rebellion.At the end of the war, Britains rescue speedily decline in qualityd and it struggled to give way its war debts. As a substance to decide this issue, it apply a series of acts on the American colonists. A British suppose in Council of 1763 cogitate that the watercourse revenue from the colonies was not fitted to fix a ordinal of the price to stash it (Document F). It deemed it incumbent to gossip the polemical modeling Act, a taxation income on all report goods. The council speaks with reach as it stresses the income from the colonies is not some profuse to calm the debt. The council, however, wholly looks from Parliaments visualize of needing to apologise the debt kinda than the colonists prognosis of partial taxation. Colonists began to lead protests, chanting No taxation without facsimile as their slogan.On howling(a) 9, 1765, benzoin Franklin wrote a earn to a close ally, earth-closet Hughes. In the letter, Franklin informs his friend of the question of the removal of the effect Act. though he says it would be wise(p) to endure incorruptible to Britain because if they were caught talk around displace an act, they would be essay with artifice (Document G). Franklins daub of view is provident because he cares for the coming(prenominal) of him and his ally. He goes on to separate Hughes if he attempts to resist the act, his traits forget eer be remembered by the colonists. some other tax apply by the British was the borecole Act, which added a 3 cents tax and gross revenue tax on sugar, a higher(prenominal) cling to commodit y. The series of taxes kindle the American colonists to ostracize all British goods. The ostracize disadvantageously faded the already discredited scrimping of Britain.As compound haleness was make inwardly the boycott, colonial ideological determine differed hugely after the war. Colonists were already fill with cheekiness out-of-pocket to the contract production line of 1763 and the taxation caused Britains and the colonists alliance to decline further.

Essay about American Industrialization Essay

industrial enterp improvement amidst 1865 and 1920 had umteen antithetical suffice on American carriage. In any(prenominal) ways, industrial enterprise change American life. more thanover it as well created problems in American society. at that place are several(prenominal)(prenominal) advantages and disadvantages to industrial enterprise.In the decades pursuance the civilised state of war the arrive of pulverization jobs and metropolis jobs change magnitude. unsophisticated populations f alone as urbanization increased. (See schedule 1) tuition pass judgment and leaf blade return pass judgment withal increased during this m finale. The harvesting of railroads do cargo ships easier and more unattached to the earth. buns D. Rockefeller argued that industrial combinations, a great deal(prenominal) as trusts and monopolies, were a get to industry. (See register 6) He tell that done industrial combinations a calling could blast its markets , age producing paltry priced goods, and shut up do a net profit for stockholders. stain devising entrepreneur, Andrew Carnegie, had donated much of his richesiness to the twist of public libraries and separate charities. (See entry 7) at that place were several dogmatic eventuate of industrialization on American society. industrialization was besides the cause for earthy problems in American society. With the rise of plumping problem a spacious ranch was created amidst the overf firsting and the poor. The fat commercial enterprise owners were precise blind drunk and ever so had the outgo of everything, sequence operative man lived in poverty. (See enter 5) numerous people worked in sweatshops for as olive-sized as 25 cents per day. (See memorandum 4) Workers create into wear out unions much(prenominal) as the Knights of excavate and the American confederacy of Labor. below these struggle unions, workers fought for higher(prenominal) compe nsation, shorter hours, and safer working conditions. (See memorial 2) The huge amounts of wealth created by the hardships go about by the workers is wherefore this metre period of industrialization came to be cognise as the rarified Age.industrialisation amid 1865 and 1920 had modify the topic thriftiness and the life of blood owners. nonetheless millions of Americans suffered from low wages and liveliness in poverty. industrialisation had a major effect on all Americans.

A Project Report On Alcon Mercedes Benz Marketing Essay

A redact Report On Alcon Mercedes Benz Marketing see Alcon Mercedes Benz enfranchisement was started in Goa by Aakash Khaunte, MD of Alcon come inporises in association with Mercedes- Benz India on whitethorn 10, two hundred9. With this dealership launch, Mercedes-Benz India became the starting signal luxury railway car maker in India to open a dealership, in Goa.Strategically locate in Porvorim,the recent ease has a total sector of 11,100 sq. ft and features a valet improvement, plush guest waiting atomic number 18a & full-fledged shop with an independent receipts facility for spares and value advantageously fixed in Taleigaon having a spread crossways of over 7500 sq. ft. of space. With an sign investment of INR 2.5 Crores, Alcons state-of-the-art dealership represents all the instigant attributes of Mercedes-Benz a bright taperoom, drive-in valet advantage, a expansive node dawdle and well develop staff to over(p) the Mercedes-Benz experience. Also inaugurated was the emolument center, equipped with vanadium mechanical bays with very(prenominal) well develop service forcefulness geared to chink quick, efficient service delivery. With establishment of the facility at Goa, Mercedes-Benz straight off enjoys a profits spread crossways 26 cities with over 55 touch-points in India and retains the distinction of creation the luxury pretender with the widest and most intensifier network of gross revenue and after-sales services in India. Goa is an important securities industry for us, with an established handbag of over cxxv Mercedes customers already in this region. Ours is the first and the however luxury car dealership in Goa- a incident that reinforces our seriousness and inscription about this market. assent our big macrocosm of luxury and convenience. Enter the Alcon Mercedes-Benz salesroom and youll examine what size sincerely means. The 3-S showroom is kill on a large scale, with a magnificent fascia bui lt much(prenominal) that it can be spotted from out-of-the-way(prenominal) away with 200 sq mts. of display area. This appear space houses rakish new Mercedes-Benzes which show themselves off and to boot there is a huge, plush customer lounge, where you can release while your paperwork is done. The social unit showroom basks in an exclusive kindling arrangement that gives you the mental picture that youve entered another world. The explore investigate mark To measure customer satisfaction on sales service provided by Alcon Mercedes Benz. inquiry methodology Research Tool Questionnaire consume Technique haphazard sampling type size 100. prototype frame The respondents of this take after are the consumers of Alcon Mercedes Benz. assay location Consumers from the space of Alcon Mercedes Benz. Data accretion method direct selective information The native data for this stare was collected from the consumers from the dimension of Alcon Mercedes Benz through the sc attering of questionnaire. tributary data research Secondary data was generated from internet, magazines and by discussion with the manager. in writing(p) representation Tools for compend Tools such as cross tabulations, percentages, pie charts, towboat charts are utilize for analysing the data and arriving at the conclusion. Following are the graphical representations and tabulations of the same. Greetings/ grateful at showroom nary(prenominal) of answer super fulfil Satisfied 40 Not commodious not disgruntled 7 disgruntled 2 Highly dissatisfied 0 Can you ravish mention your sign needs of a car No. of respondents Car stick out 10 luxury 25 act in monetary value of mileage, power.

The New Coalition Government in the United Kingdom Assignment

The New Coalition Government in the United Kingdom - Assignment ExampleThese new statutory rules had taken aftermath last October 1, 2010 and pertain to the gathering of sensitive information and also the handling of confidential correspondence and communications related to child protection and other unspoilt child care incidents.2 These are all part of social work reforms that are being implemented. However, it must be emphasized that safeguarding is a act different from child protection in the sense that the former pertains to protecting children from mistreatment, the prevention of impairment in a childs development and ensuring children flex up in the right environment consistent with their safe and effective care. Child protection is honorable a part of the overall safeguarding and undertaken to protect compromising children who energy be suffering.1 It requires special skill to deal with family situations in which professionals have no other choice but to intervene, or in trude into the family manner of a young child. Discussion Parents today are very protective of their children and this is understandable. There are some instances, however, when the children have to be separated from their parents and other adults who efficacy be causing them harm. This is why the English government has taken a right to take care of these vulnerable children as the protector of society.... Although this reaction might be normal for any other person, it must non cloud my judgement on the proper actions to take, such as hesitating to report the national immediately. For example, I would naturally feel pity for the young Steve and might get into the wrong conclusions about the conditions in the home of Steve and what his parents are doing to him. The appropriate professional chemical reaction would be to observe Steve objectively, such as how he acts in the classroom or what his reactions are when his stepfather arrives to pick him up. My personal reactions can in terfere with my own savvy about what needs to be done in this situation. I need to be quietly inquisitive into the circumstances of Steves family life without being obnoxiously intrusive. I have to protect the familys privacy but not to the extent of possibly neglecting Steve or leaving him at the mercy of his parents. The idea is to in good order identify, understand and deal with possible child abuse. My personal reactions can lead to an over-reaction, such as reporting Steves parents to the authorities when in fact no child abuse has taken place. Steve might just be suffering from some physical ailment. 2. Immediate Concerns there are some tell-tale signs that all is not well with Steve. The first is his reaction when told about his misbehaviour such as intentionally bumping into other people and his classmates. He was not upset when school faculty had told him it is bad for him to keep knocking other people down and even seemed to relish the seemingly violent actions. He is quite aggressive and seems tired just coming into the school in the mornings. It is also noticeable that he is restless and seems always very hungry (which means

Sociocultural theory in collaborative learning Essay

Sociocultural theory in cooperative encyclopaedism - Essay ExampleSociocultural theory in collaborative learningIt is a pedagogy that has at its centre the assumption that people make meaning together and that the process enriches and enlarges them. The debate about the definition of condition collaborative as well as ongoing attempts to identify relevant criteria to determine whether learning is collaborative or not does not seem to sire any major implications for the basics of collaborative learning.Almost every research study exploring collaborative learning environment comes to positive conclusions. Natasi and Clements (1991) summarize these conclusions in the adjacent way Cognitive-academic and social-emotional benefits have been reported for students from early elementary through college level, from diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds, and having a wide range of ability levels Furthermore, cooperative learning has been used effectively across a wide range of content a reas, including mathematics, reading, language arts, social studies and science.Initially, research in the realm of collaborative learning focused on functioning of an individual learner in a group the theories which dominated cognitive psychology over the 1970s tended to emphasise the manipulation of individual information processors in the process of cognition. The social context of this process was viewed as secondary to individual activity. The last decades of the 20th century were marked by increased attention to the social context, and, consequently, improved understanding of the process of cognition.

Summary of System Roles Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Summary of System Roles - Research Paper ExampleBesides, the transcription enhances effectiveness to the organization through added value process. Eventually, information system integration excessively creates remorseful environment for the delivery of new products and services while providing an executive management control that supports integration through different types of information based controls. endeavor resource planning systems are communication channel management applications that streamline and integrate channel operations and information flow to help in the management of business office functions. Enterprise resource planning systems intercepts information flow either internally or externally and directs it into a simple comprehensive solution. Mostly, a system is designed to handle inventory planning-management, purchases, human resource management and other activities (Leon, 2008).According to Leon (2008), the above system is a critical component in business integ ration because it enhances productivity while promoting efficiency within the entire organization. As such the activity makes it possible through increased ability and concentration on the issues of the demand and supply with a lot of focus to enhance customer based services. Moreover, EPR improves cost effectiveness of the organization through efficient management of resources and so resulting into increased levels of returns. Most information based management scholars clarifies that Enterprise resource planning systems enhance data consistency by integrating all the strategic business management functions hence it is vital for the decision-making process.Inter-organizational systems comprise of all information and management systems that transcend organizational departments through electronic networks purposely to share pieces of information besides online transaction process clarifies (Eom, 2005). Living in a digital

What is the link between individual learning and organisational Essay

What is the link between individual acquirement and organisational education - Essay ExampleThis primarily requires the commitment and dedication of the pass on management because top management primarily assumes the last making power. The process of organisational learning includes introduction and implementation of change. Change introduction and implementation is whizz of the biggest challenges in front of a manager because the change causes redesigning of the organisational policies which is against the rights of several s sweep upholders, most of which argon within the organisational workforce. Likewise, individual learning is directed at reflecting upon personal experiences in run to identify the mistakes as well as strategies that may be adopted in the future in order to avoid them. As individual learning involves correcting personal behavior for the better, it is the main component of self development. Change is the basic element of both organisation learning and indivi dual learning. The agency undergoing the change makes one different from the other, though both influence and are influenced by each other. The relationship between individual learning and the organisation learning is very starchy and yet very weak. The two may not always be paired up with each other. It may be possible for an organisation to take informed decisions with the majority of its personnel being unlearned and vice versa. This paper discusses the relationship between organisation learning and individual learning.Individual learning, as the trope indicates, reflects the level or degree to which individuals of an organisation are learned. Individuals learning is of great significance to the organisation because organisation achieves its objectives with the efforts of individuals that make part of it. Although individuals learning is an important element of organisational success as a whole, yet it is not the sole determinant of the success as the decisions and actions resu lting from individuals learning need the support and favourable reception of certain agencies and authorities which are beyond the control of the individuals. In an organisational setup, people are organized in a hierarchical structure which is generally know as the organisation structure. Different individuals are assigned different roles and responsibilities within the organisation structure and everybody is held accountable for his part of the game. Accordingly, there is a distribution of decision making power among the organisational personnel. In a conventional setup, subordinates usually are not involved in the decision making and the top management assumes muster out decision making power, though it is one of the characteristic features of learned organisations that they do involve and gain the consent of subordinates in the decision making while resting the last-ditch power with the top management. In the conventional setup, a subordinate may be very learned, experienced and technically strong, but these qualities of the subordinate are of brusque importance because their display is restricted by the minimal role of the subordinate in the achievement of the organisational objectives. The individuals do not assume enough rights to exercise and thusly have to surrender in front of the organisational culture. Learned organisations are characterized by the involvement of complete organisation structure in the decision making process. Although subordinates are not competent enough to understand the complexities and requirements of

Vietnam- China Conflict Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Vietnam- chinaware Conflict - Research Paper ExampleThe ii countries have been characterized by a longstanding rivalry among regional powers. The opposition has been diminishing and at the same time escalating in different periods. The impinge has also escalated to the 21st century where the two countries have been in turmoil over the fishing territories. The continued suspicion on a number of issues is pass judgment to escalate further in the future if issues are not addressed regionally and globally. The conflict has affected the region and world in different ways. This piece of music seeks to focus on Vietnam- China Conflict. Origin Why Chinese Claim that it is Their Land or Area China continues to get hold of that the Paracels and Spratly islands are separate of the territory. This claim traces backs to the Yuan Dynasty in 1279. This was the period when astronomer Guo Shoujing visited the area. The original claim of the area was done by Jiang Jieshi Kuomintang government ( Sieff 1). Since then, the Peoples Republic of China has followed the claim. The great Chinese sailors also named the islands in Chinese language and explorers as early as 1430 (Sieff 1). Conflict The issue of the border has not been a direct semen of conflict between the two territories. However, increased political involvement led to increased tension and conflict. Most of the tension has revolved around the border. Both of the countries plow 700 miles of common border. This boundary was delineated by Sino-French treaties signed during the colonial period (Hung 1979 1039). However, there were differences over the actual sites of boundary mark. This suspicion heightened as the relationship between the two countries became tense in 1978. This was due to mishandling of overseas Chinese in Vietnam (SinoVietnameseWar 2013). At the time of war, both sides of the country tried to change the location of the cavity pillars marking their sides. The other cause of tension was the division of territorial jurisdiction in the Gulf of Tonkin area. The reason behind this strain was sufficient deposits of oil in the South China Sea. Both of the countries also claimed ownership to the Paracels and Spratly islands. In 1974, china took one of the islands after a small stint with South Vietnamese army. On the other hand, South Vietnamese laid claim of the Spartly islands. The conflict heightened as China withdrew its support. This led to collapse of financial and economic programs of these nations. These nations responded by dint of retaliation mechanisms. This was through the management of overseas Chinese people. Consequently, the Vietnamese government decided to regulate private business managed by Chinese. There was also seizure of private properties, capital exchange, and sending people to new economic zones (Hung 1979 1043). This affected the overseas Chinese significantly. Others were forced to abandon new economic zones, and other moved to other parts of Asian natio ns. This caused China to move due to mistreatment of her people. China also cancelled other key projects it was financing to Vietnamese. Consequently, most of the refugees remained stranded along the border. This heightened the border tension. China viewed this outcome as a soviet conspiracy to incite china. The soaring dispute was also heightened by the Cambodia connection. This was due to the soaring diplomatic relations between Vietnam and Cambodia. However, china began to side with Cambodia. Initially, china was reluctant to join the war. However, after the

Risk Management Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 15000 words

Risk focussing - Dissertation Example...3 2. Review of Related Literature 2.1. Risk Management.........................................................................................................6 2.2. Frameworks in Strategic Risk Management...............................................................11 2.3. Managing Risk done Quality Management............................................................15 2.4. Enterprise Risk Management......................................................................................26 3. Research Methodology 3.1. Procurement Risk Management Framework..............................................................31 3.2. Preview of Procurement Risk Management Experiences...........................................35 4. Results and Discussion 4.1. BraiNet Survey...........................................................................................................36 4.2. Risk Management in Defence Procurement.............................. .................................41 4.3. Procurement Management in Beef Supply Chains.....................................................43 4.4. Risk Management Experiences by other Firms..........................................................44 5. Conclusion and Recommendation 5.1. Lessons Learned..........................................................................................................47 5.2. ... The global fadeout has become a focal point when companies start to outline strategies and develop business models. The roughly important aspect that companies discuss involves put on the lines. These can come in various forms and could affect companies in all fronts. Despite threats coming risks, several companies have been lagging in terms of developing sound risk commission strategies. Most risk management plans be conceived as alternatives instead of being main strategies. Some companies even thrive in risky environments and prefer active where risks prosper. D espite these differing situations, there is no doubt that risk management has come to evolve as a major determinant in business success. The most important point relates to risk management integrated in business models. 1.1. Objectives of the Study The primary goal of the paper is to establish the extent in which risk management is ingrained in business models developed by companies. This is in reference to the Procurement Risk Management (PRM) used at Hewlett-Packard. The process involves abstract of case studies and empirical evidence related to the study. The paper will also tackle various aspects of risk management strategies used in different industries including the function and public sectors. The study specifically will analyse the different procurement risks are identified by Miller and Lessard (2008), Keizer, Halman and Song (2002), Zsidisin and Smith (2005) and Cox, Chicksand and Ireland (2005). There are risks identified in reference to previous studies involving procu rement risk management. The summary of each study will be discussed in the succeeding parts of this section. 1.2. circumstance of the Study

Financial Budgeting and Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial Budgeting and Planning - Essay ExampleFrom pennys example we took her total income of 21,200, we deducted UK dividends, UK treasury stock, building order interest and shoes as well as clothes since this should not be measureed but should be given wear and tear allowances. We later took her nonexempt income and multiplied it by 20 percent to get her tax for the year. From the table above, she pay offs 3,008, which we should also add the pay as you earn of 1,400, which she pays yearly. The resultant figure is the tax payable and should be deducted from her taxable income to get her net pay (Debar, G., 2012, Pp. 10-16). I should advise penny to cut on the budget and the money she is spending on shoes and the mortgage and the credit card since this is increasing her burden and the amount she should pay back. From the information about pennys credit cards, we see that she is owe to many financial lending institutions huge amounts, which have accrued interest, and she is not able to pay back. I would also advise her to take credit cards and loans from banks and other financial institutions that have lower interest rates. For example, there is a credit card she took with an interest rate of 1509 percent, which is absurd and she should testify as ofttimes as possible to stop taking credit cards and loans with high-interest rates. I would also advise her to try as much as possible to try and saving in Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies as their interest rates are lower and sometimes one is not required to pay any interest rates.

With specific reference to post-1990s developments, critically Essay - 2

With specific reference to post-1990s developments, critically evaluate the scope of the doctrine of humanitarian intervention under(a) Article 2 of the united Nations Chapter - Essay ExampleIn addition, this paper analyses the structural domesticate proposals of the UN Charter and the challenges it is currently facing. The various current matters of Security Council reform financing and proposals of the UN Charter are also discussed (Latif 2000, p.25).The United Nations Charter was born forty four years ago and it was as a result of the sufferings caused by the Second World War. The main purpose of the above mentioned Charter was to secure the upcoming generation from the impacts of the war. Moreover, the United Nations Charter aimed at correcting the League of the Nations weaknesses. The leadership of the United Charter rests on the highest authorities. Nevertheless, the challenges as a result of the Cold War barred the UN Charter from carrying out its main goals of the maintanc e of peace and security system. The cold war was tended to(p) by a hostile environment and the UN could not perform its key role to implement the provisions made in the Charter, which were related to international security and peace. Despite the hostile environment presented by the Cold war, the United Nations pursued its Charter purposes in various fields such as in the advantage of social standards for individuals, decolonization and in the protection of human rights ((Mendlovitz & Weston 1995, p.13). Moreover, there were some adjustments that were made to the UN Charter and this enabled it to cope with various threats imposed to the international security and peace.The origination of the UN Charter led to various dramatic changes in the world structure of peace and security. The above organizations came up with various ways of solving the challenges they came across. For instance, in order of battle to eliminate the powers used by high authorities during the Cold War, the UN Charter established various peacemaking (Mingst & Karens 1995, p.29) and it took the role of the Security Council in maintaining international peace and

Mgt 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mgt 1 - Essay ExampleIf employees feel that the increase in productivity will threaten their jokes due to innovation and mechanization, they may fail to take over in productivity improvement and other forms of cooperation. Employment earnest facilitates the implementation of the other high-performance management practices such as extensive training. An example of a practical experience is the case of the General Motors as it aimed at implementing new arrangement of work in its Saturn plant in which case the management guaranteed the employees their job security (Pfeffer and Veiga 40). Once employees have the assurance that their employment will not be interfered with, they tend to work harder and offer their knowledge and efforts to increase the productivity of the organization. move off of the employees that a company has spent resources training and developing their talents is a great loss as it opens unhealthy competition from the other closely-related firms. Employment secur ity can be guaranteed by taking obligations with the workers unions, which intervene in case an employee is dismissed unlawfully.Firms may lay off their employees due to some financial strains, alone the action leads to losses, as the company has to pay benefits, which consumes its finances leading to more strains. The biggest loss is to those companies that offer extensive training and development to their employees because they lose the talents and abilities of these workers (Pfeffer and Veiga 40). Job security helps in building the employee partnership in various organizations, especially in the long-term. Many firms will pursue short-term benefits at the expense of their employees job security. such firms find themselves in difficult situations since their employees have low morale and are less productive leading to the companys poor performance. When companies or

Leadership in Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Leadership in Nursing - Essay ExampleHence the breast feeding needs for the antique have become an going of growing concern in Hong Kong. Traditionally, the c ar of the sick is considered to be the moral duty of their family members among the Chinese. Hence, being cared for by nurses, who are strangers, places the Chinese people in reasonably of a paradoxical situation (Pang et al., cited in Smith & Tang 2004, p.18). Therefore, the success of nursing care depends also on the nurses ability to act as a surrogate family member.With increasing health issues of the elderly and their near-total dependence on healthcare facilities, private nursing homes are increasing in demand for the confinement of the elderly with deteriorating health issues like cerebrovascular accidents, fractures such as hip fractures, congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive airways disease, dementia, parkinsonism, etc. The government has funded three forms of residential care, with the recovered homes prov iding assistance with activities of daily living, C&A homes providing personal attention and some nursing care, and infirmaries providing much intensive nursing care with medical supervision (Bartlett & Phillips 1995, p.238). though several measures have been undertaken to increase the number of residential care homes, the availability of such care homes unfortunately still fall short of demand. This places increasing function on the available nursing care personnel. correspond to a study done by Leung et al... Though several measures have been undertaken to increase the number of residential care homes, the availability of such care homes unfortunately still fall short of demand. This places increasing responsibility on the available nursing care personnel.According to a study done by Leung et al. (2000, p.65) from a random sample of private nursing homes in Hong Kong East region, increasing number of bedridden or chairbound patients, increasing dependency for basic activities of daily living, increasing problems of incontinence of bowel and/or bladder, increasing use of supporting devices, aggravating problems of bedsore, etc. lead to more hospitalizations and specialist out-patient clinic visits. Unfortunately the incidences of re-hospitalizations of these patients with recurrences of the same disease conditions have been gaining in frequency recently. Frail elderly patients are shuffled back and forth between acute care, non-acute care, older age homes and the community (Derrick 1998, p.1). This situation calls for a highly efficient and totally effective nursing care system.This report studies the scenario in a private nursing home in Hong Kong. The scenario is analysed for the effectiveness of the nursing care rendered by the present nursing team, its leadership style, and its advantages and disadvantages. Also studied are the different leadership styles and concepts that are applicable to this context. New strategies for improving the situation are d eveloped, and appropriate leadership skills are recommended that suit these strategies.2. ContextI work as intern in a nursing team handling 100 inhabitants of a private nursing home in Hong Kong. The average age of the group is

Synthesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Synthesis - Essay ExampleMajority of the opinion from the analysts, authors, and interviewees, is that college is worth it. This paper will present all sides of the issue -- from yes, no, to its complicated in commit to prove and defend the stand of the collective writers that college is definitely worth it.With most college students needing to work in order to stay in college, the financial plow get through for the student and his parents does not seem to be fair. That is most likely the reason why there is a rush of articles in academic journals arguing almost the validity of a college education. Is it worth going into debt for? Is there actually any value that bum be set for the college education of a person? Is it genuinely worth the financial sacrifice to complete a college education? Or perhaps trade school would be best so that the student can immediately set out to work after graduation? These are the questions that three separate articles which were assigned reading in our class tried to attend to based upon practical reasoning, historical data, and common sense. Once viewed collectively, the answer to the question being posed becomes quite clear, college is definitely worth it for those who can afford it.In the interview of Larry D. Singell, Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences of Indiana University, Jamsheed Chosky , professor of Central Eurasian Studies and History, and finally Richard Miller, professor of Religious Studies, the three important figures from Indiana University attempt to cater evidence as to why a college degree is worth the toll in an interview with Bruce Lilly.The main argument of the three university representatives centered around the cost of education and the difference between a completed liberal arts education as opposed to an education completed at a trade school. All three men, regardless of how they presented their opinion on the

Critical Writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical Writing - Essay Exampleprograms coordinator at the graduate center in New York and commendably contributed to the success of Luso-Brazilian and Hispanic Literatures in the university. She has conducted several studies to investigate how foreign students are affected by the American education system, predominantly the challenge of coping up with a new educational culture and language.The authors pinpoint that bilingual education started receiving widespread support in the USA in late 1960s. The upsurge in cast of students coming from Puerto Rico and Mexico and the wave of civil rights movement instigated the government to provide additional funding for educational programs to facilitate knowledge acquisition through with(predicate) English.several(prenominal) acts such as ESEA (elementary and secondary education act) were formulated and implemented to force government and institutions to prepare bilingual teachers who will aid in the facilitating success of the educational programs (Bartlett & Garcia, 2007). In 1974, the Bilingual Education Act constricted the goal of bilingual education to Transitional Bilingual Education where students received thorough instructions through English, implying that not only limited English speakers were to learn the language but the entire student f tempornity. However, for the first 3 years, content was delivered in English as students prepared to start sedate English classes.In 1990, Americans started disapproving the use of educational resources to teach in other languages other English. Americans perceived phonological advance in English as an emblem of unity and fidelity to the state, and started demanding that immigrants drop their native languages and espouse into the American community by learning English. The high rate of Latino drop outs and their failure to be intellectually competitive was blamed on bilingual education, further arguing that it led to discrimination of English learners indoors schools. C urrently,

Behavioural-Based Safety in the Construction Companies Essay

Behavioural-Based Safety in the Construction Companies - Essay ExampleWhile there are many other explanations, the research paper leave alone seek to determine the explanations that are applicable to the current case study, which is employee perception of BBS at the workplace, BBS training, safety awareness, safety participation, and company safety culture. A quantitative method study will be used for this research study with a survey-based research design. The research study will utilize probability sampling, which will seek to get at least fifteen labor workers at Tarmac Zawawi LLC. It is expected that high scores in BBS training, perception, awareness, participation, and group safety culture will result in high levels of safety and, therefore, fewer incidents and accidents.Because of the equipment, machinery, working height, and external activities involved in the pull sector, it is one of the most dangerous occupations in the industry. There are a number of factors, which lea d to accidents in this setting. One of them is grievous conditions and behavior, in which the individuals behavior accounts for approximately 75% of all events (Roughton & Mercurio, 2012 p82). In addition, most studies suggest that unsafe behavior among workers is more to blame than the safety of conditions in the occurrence of accidents. If unsafe conditions do exist and individuals accept the risk associated with the kink and continue normally with their activities, accidents cannot be blamed on the conditions alone. Therefore, failure to identify conditions that are unsafe antecedent to and during construction, to continue with construction even after the unsafe conditions are identified, and unsafe performance without regard to the conditions at the site are three major reasons for construction site accidents (Roughton & Mercurio, 2012 p86). Inaddition, unsafe conditions are brought about by unsafe actions from individual workers and their colleagues, management practices, an d inhuman events.

Human resource management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Human resource management - Essay ExampleShe c all in alled attention to psychology as a placard to improve not only productivity, but also the welfare of the workers. Through this, she was able to advance the humanistic side of Psychology and its application to the industry.Among the key domains where HRM is frequently applied and executed are Performance Management, Motivation and Leadership. In these domains, HRM is able to exercise its goal of developing people skills and supportering them work efficiently in order to improve organizational productivity. In the area of Performance Management, HRM strategically develops and improves exploit by means of policies that emphasize customer needs and service quality through systematic monitoring, evaluation, rewarding, and instilling a sense of accountability among individuals and teams. In Motivation, HRM helps in identifying concrete steps to determine the primary motivators of the workers and to provide these motivators to ensu re optimum performance of duties. Paul J. Meyer is known to have identified five warning signs for waning motivation, and he subsequently formed a 5-point plan to correct motivational problems and to help in maintaining its momentum. Finally, in Leadership, HRM helps leaders develop proper communication within and beyond the organization, establish an aware and responsive culture among its members, and promote high standards through setting examples (Gibbs, 2000).HRM goals should be in line with organizational goals, yet it should keep up with the needs of the individual workers and the constantly changing environment of the workforce, in answer to the changing supply and demand. HRM models serve to outline the relationship of the essential elements needed to provide effective HRM, at least to grant concrete structure all throughout the face of continuing changes, and to guarantee that the basic aspects are being met. The traditional HRM Model by M. Hanada Keio involves a four-way system of grading through rewards,

A lie is a lie, until it becomes reality Essay Example for Free

A equivocation is a lie, until it becomes naive realism EssayHave you ever created a lie and told it to so slicey people in so many times and on so many occasions that you started to believe it also. Truth is spoken in words before believing, lie is equally uttered in same form, but the difference is in the period of mental processing required for the compliment of the mind. Irrespective of the number of times a lie is uttered, it still remains a lie until it matures into evident truth. This I believe a lie is a lie, until it becomes reality. Whatever comes in words is powerful than even the two edged swords.Repeated episodes of events ingrain a mental picture of such into a reality so onenessr or later. This is faster believed when it has earlier existed before within the same atmosphere, locality and season. It is a function of reminiscence into the past, analyzing the image of the scenario and subsequently ignoring the path to doubt. This nearly unlikely will lock up th e believing faculty of the mind to unquestionably assimilate it like every other truth.Come to think of it, a man who lives to tell the truth, live to be hated continually by enemy on his way with no tint of resolving. Show me a man who has never lied before and I will show you a man who is perceived to live a hostile existence in the world, a man who lives strictly not to bend the rule even if it costs a life. This is paradoxically to the detriment of his integrity for failure to contribute sweetness into beings. more(prenominal) so, men live to believe witnessed speech faster than what they hear alone. Imaging a lie supported by unfounded crowd of witnesses far by (still in the lie context), a sense of been odd will drag the listener(s) into the fold of the virtual seas of witness.This reminds me of a friend, who fabricates a big lie from our early childhood. some lies he told spread faster with his popularity. Popularity here is the basis for the repetition. He cooks up so many lies to meet the expected demand of a higher mixer class. He is talked about everywhere in school, especially among the ladies who cunningly rush to gain his attention. Of course, he is such an awesome baby boy, who was born and bread in the good city of the other world to come. In my discoveries, I had long ago resolved that repeated pressure metamorphose a pulseless essay to give in and satisfy intrinsic desire to shed wait of pressure.Lie is one of such pressure it is so easy to utter because it does not cost a dime, it only entails perfect matching of the imaginary expectation of your listener with the picture of what it should be even when it is yet to be. This very friend of exploit goes here and there to here the same words of his own, far away from the third party to a distant accomplice.Such accomplice will investigate I really commend your new fathers acquisition of on of the hottest companies in town, I heard he got it in your names reply, I really do not border mu ch because I see him aiming higher for me even beyond Microsoft Company Here is just one of the many lies told my friends. He wakes everyday in school to hear this. He is repeatedly triggered to residence hall for such an achievement from his parent until it turns a reality. His father became worried one day attempt to relieve the young mans anxiety and work out the expectation of one of the big shot companies. The repeated lobby turns the acquisition a reality.Let us extrapolation the last story into the field of psychology, a land where perfect prediction of future from the past is not a crime. The aspect of the mind responsible for telling lie, is not only unique to the author, it is rather developed over time when put into function. The time interval may vary but the lie is destined to become a reality one day, if and only if it is constantly reminded.ReferenceThis I Believe speech, http//www.thisibelieve.org/index.php .

The Art of Strategy Essay Example for Free

The prowess of Strategy EssayIntroductionThe ongoing debate on the concept and definition of dodging is as interesting as the surgical operation of making the dodge itself. This discussion happens probably because different governances (business entity, non-profit, governments, non-government, military, etc.) interpret outline differently, one ecesiss might see it as a CEOs personal electric charge time new(prenominal) perceives it as a tool to gain the fundamental laws collectively decided goals. One arrangement sees it as a game plan while other defines it as a fructify of pattern in a stream of non planned actions. Hofer and Schendel tried to give a comparison of some of the famed strategy definitions statutetion as shown in Table 1. It rear end be clearly see that although slightly different from one a nonher, there is some uniformity as well in it. In addition, one think to note is the path an organisation defines the concept of a strategy ordain affect s the way they joint their strategies and the strategies resulted (Evered, 1983, p.60). Coming from this turn onuation, this essay will try to identify the concept of strategy using the state of war analogy to offer another perspective on what strategy is and the implications of the said perception.Figure 1. Hofer and Schendel comparison of various authors concepts of strategy and the strategy formulation process in the business management field (Everend, 1983, p. 60)The Art of WarIn this essay, I will use the same procession as James Brian Quinn (1996, pp.5-6), by using the history of the Kingdom of Macedon to illustrate the middle of strategy from my organize of view.Figure 2. The Kingdom of Macedon, from Wikipedia, Map Macedonia 336 BC-en, (2009)Philip II and Alexander III of Macedon had very clear goals. They wanted to established their supremacy by becharm the other city-states in Ancient Greek ara and put them under the Kingdom of Macedon. Moreover, they besides need Athens troops to be in their adhesion to defeat Persian Empire. When the city of Amphissa did a sacred land violation, the Macedonians used it as an opportunity to interfere. On their way to punish Amphissa, they make a detour in Elatea and built a defence base. Following this, Philip sent a peace offer to Thebes and Athens which got rejected by both parties and led to resort hotel to battle. The Macedonians then make a scheme to prepare themselves in winning the battle using their specific strengths in the new spear technology, their strong forces formation, as well as the powerful cavalry. However, they knew that they were outnumbered and will face the best ground soldiers in the terra firma.Therefore, they decided to attack Thebes and Athens from Chaeronea which is lightly arm using their strongest units. They also split their force, Philip engaged the full force phalanxes to the right wing and Alexander commanded the cavalry to the left wing. After fought hard Philip delibe rately withdrew his troops. The Athenians on the left followed which made them breaking their army lines. After the enemys unity broke, Alexander attacked from the left side (the Theban lines). At the same time, Philips army then pressed forward and quickly scatter and defeat the enemy. After the victory at Chaeronea, Philip and Alexander then occupied the other city-states noncontroversial and declared it as a Hellenic Alliance. Later on the Hellenic Alliance will try to expand its authority to the Persian Empire.From the illustration above, some(prenominal) apparent points could be pointed out. The kings and his successors dominating strategy was to establish its dominance throughout the Greek land. In order to compass it, they arranged a strategy which was to conquer all city-states and put them under the Kingdom of Macedons wing, either using peace offers or battles. Should the battles arise, they need to made tactics on the spot to win the battles, analogous the one they m ade in Chaeronea.So in this military context, the word strategy can be described as the actual direction of military force to achieve the policys (kings) objectives (Evered, 1983, p.63). This aligns with the literal meaning of the word itself, stratos (army) and ago (leading)(Evered, 1983, p.58). Normally, strategy is made before the actual contacts with the enemy and when it is already in the battlefield situations, tactics will be made, as distinguished above.Grand Strategy, Strategy, and TacticsSimilar approach can also be applied to examine the concept of strategy in the management field. In my opinion, any organisation will need to harbour a grand strategy, strategy, and tactics which will be describe below.Grand StrategyAs an organisation tries to define the intention of their existence, they will have to count on several questions, such as Why are they here? What the key objectives are? Where is it going? What the organisation want to be in the future? What are their values ? The answers to these questions will set the tone to their organisations quest. It will lead them to determine their grand strategy, or in this case I would refer it as the organisations mission, vision, and core values.According to Raynor (1998, p. 371), mission is a statement of the organisations core competencies and values that will give the organisation characteristics that will forget it to perform successfully in a particular area. While vision is the state in the future that the organisation wants to achieve within the area delimit already in the mission. This includes setting up their objectives and goals. These components also famous to be categorized as strategic intent (Campbell Yeung, 1991, p.146 Phillips, 2011, p.928).Although some organisation might not have a specific explicit statement of their mission and vision (Ireland Hitt, 1992, p.36), the similarity of values and interest of the people within an organisation could accidently set an inexplicit mission and vision, which still could be considered as a grand strategy, like what happen in Lonely Planet company (Hubbard, et.al, 1996, pp.215-235).StrategyAfter an organisation becomes clear with who they are and the intention of their existence(mission), they know what their state of position in the future (vision), they have set their objectives and goals, now it is timefor them to determine their strategy to achieve it. Using the war analogy, the way I see a strategy is to track it as a long term blueprint of an organisation that breaks go through the big picture of grand strategy into smaller tangible milestones by understanding the organisations position at the time the strategy was made.A clear inclusion body of the organisations internal strengths and weakness as well as the foreign opportunities and threats will help the organisation decide the ideal respond to take and the best way of recognising it is by using Porters SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunity, and Threats) anal ysis (Phillips, 2011, p.928). Once the active responses are determine, it will hopefully achieve competitive emolument. According to Arnoldo Hax, the linkage between external and internal conditions and competitive advantage is very close in the strategy concept, he even put those together in one dimension in his redefinition of strategy concept (Hax, 1990, pp.35-36) whereas before he put those in two separate dimensions (Hax Majluf, 1988, pp.100-101).The benefit of having a strategy is to give the organisation a hotshot of unity, direction, and purpose, especially when it comes to the resources allocation as it will be more direct and clear. The other benefit is to give the organisation the ability to have a consistent system for differentiating managerial tasks in an organisation, especially the one that has many layered of organisational structure (Hax, 1990, p.36). From this perspective, it is clear that in the grand strategy and strategy parts, the information touch and f amiliarity ordering use a top-down approach.TacticsOnce the strategy is being declared, the organisation then have to set the tactics to impact the strategy or in this case I would also like to refer it as a set of programmes or courses of actions. Tactics defines the details of strategy especially the resources allocations part and it is more of a short-term plan compares to strategy which makes it more adjustable than strategy to facilitate the necessary changes that come in the future. Since the conception of tactics occurs in a more daily basis with more dynamic activities, the information processing and knowledge ordering in this segment ideally use a mixture of top-down and bottom-up approach. The reason why I think the mix approach is ideal was because same as what happens innormal battlefields, the frontline soldiers sometime know the situation on the field better than the general.That way the input from them is valuable to decide the next tactics. Same as in an organisati on, when it comes to daily running, the operable staff would have a better and detail insight then the Chief Executive Officer. Once the programmes are implemented, the organisation will have to see the result and compare it to the strategy and then again to the grand strategy. The similar cycle (mission, objectives, goals, strategies, plans, operations, results) also suggested by LD Phillips (2011, p.928).Combining these three elements together, I think the suitable kind of strategy to this point of view is the Process Strategy which can be define as the leadership controls the process aspects of strategy, exit the actual content of strategy to others strategies are again partly deliberate (concerning process) and partly emergent (concerning content), and deliberately emergent (Mintzberg Quinn, 1996, p.13). By using this type of strategy, I think I position myself in between the two strategy mainstreams Porter and Mintzberg. Porter with his deliberate strategy concept is in line with my point of view of formulating a strategy. It has to be carefully crafted because it will control all critical variables and activities in an organisation in a long run.However, as it is widely known, Porters concept on strategy has a flaw as well. It is accused to be too rigid, taking a long period of time to define, and not flexible for todays environment where the boundaries between industries are more fluid and the environment becomes less stable. Therefore, to accommodate this issue, I add the tactics element to it to give an excerption to the organisation to be more flexible. As already stated above, tactics are made to tackle the issue in the daily basis effectuation and are more easily modified. Furthermore, I think it is appropriate to say that strategy, with the addition of tactics, is a living system rather than a static formula to be applied (Evered, 1983, p.61).Strategy as Plan (and Ploy)Coming from the illustration above, it is clear that my point of view abo ut strategy aligns with Mintzbergs definition of strategy as plan. It has the two essential characteristics of plan which are made in advance of theactions to which they apply, and they are developed consciously and purposefully (Mintzberg, 1987, p.11 Mintzberg Quinn, 1996, p.10). Unlike the pattern definition that sees strategy as sporadic actions that are not intended but somehow consistent in behaviour, the way I set the strategy framework is to treat it as a clear and intended plan that is made to deal with a situation from the beginning (Mintzberg, 1987, pp.11-13 Mintzberg Quinn, 1996, pp.10-12). The interlock between strategy and tactics was historied by Mintzberg who stated that as a plan, a strategy can be a ploy too (Mintzberg Quinn, 1996, p.11).Similar thing also evince by Rumelt in 1979 who stated that one persons or one departments strategy can be a tactic to another division depending on where and when you sit (Mintzberg Quinn, 1996, p.13). The other thing that I w ould like to point out is Mintzbergs definition of strategy as perspective which he describes as an ingrained way of perceiving the world (Mintzberg, 1987, p. 16). This means strategy as a perspective could also be seen as an ideology or a collective mind in an organisation that can be an umbrella for the other definitions of strategy (plan, pattern, and position). Although this interrelating connection is acceptable, I personally would consider perspective as a part of a mission rather than a strategy.The ArgumentOne might argue that having a strategy is unnecessary and outdated for an organisation as it will restrain the organisation from being adaptive and flexible in a turbulent environment. To answer this question, I would like to use the Japanese competition style and practice in the 1970s and 1980s as illustrated by Michael Porter in one of his discussions (Porter, 1996, p.63). During this period of time, most of the Japanese companies did not develop a rigid mission, vision, or a distinctive strategy. They did not have a certain plan and did not position themselves in a certain market. Most of them copied and follow for each one others new development and being responsive to the markets demand by becoming all things to all customers. At first this style successfully made the operational process became effective as they did not need to spend time to formulate the strategy. However, over time it was destructive for the organisation itself. As the organisation did not have a clear direction of their quest, it had toconstantly change its orientations.As a result, not only the resources allocation needed to be repeatedly revised, it was also confusing the stakeholders. From the illustration above, it is clear that any kind of organisation will need to have a strategy to set direction for themselves and to outsmart competitors, or at least enable themselves to manoeuvre through threatening environment (Mintzberg(a), 1987, p.25). Even if it refuse to have a strategy, an organisation has to have a grand strategy at the very least as quoted here by Chandler, one of the men who was behind the success of Sears Roebuck. He stated business is like a war in one respect- if its grand strategy is correct any number of tactical errors can be made and yet the green light proves successful (Mintzberg(a), 1987, p.25). The importance of strategy is also to help the organisation to be focus on its effort and coordination as well as providing consistency.ConclusionsUsing the war analogy and different range of viewpoints from several authors, I have drawn a conclusion of my own definition of strategy. A strategy is a set of guidelines that forge the resource allocations, other critical activities, and a set of tactics in an organisation intended to achieve its objectives and goals. By adding the element of tactics there, it becomes the advantage for the organisation that afraid of having a strategy because it can be too long-term vision and cannot fac ilitate the rapid growing and changes of the environment. This definition is versatile as it can be used in any types of organisation and can always be re-used and re-apply should one objective or goal has been achieved.However, the definition can be too broad for some organisation that again can cause confusion in understanding the concept of strategy. If this happen then I would like to address the statement in the beginning of essay that there is no certain and specific definition of strategy. It is very subjective and depends on ones knowledge and interpretation which I personally think is the art of strategy.ReferencesAndrews, K. R. 1. (1980). The concept of corporate strategy. Homewood, Ill R. D. Irwin. Evered, R. (1983). So what is strategy? Long Range Planning,16(3), 57-72 Hax, A. C. (1990). Redefining the concept of strategy and the strategy formation process. Strategy Leadership, 18(3), 34-39. Hax, A. C., Majluf, N. S. (1988). The concept of strategy and the strategy for mation process. Interfaces, 18(3), 99-109. http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FileMap_Macedonia_336_BC-en.svg Mintzberg, H and Quinn, J.B, The Strategy Process Concepts, Content, Cases, 3rd Edition, Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1996 Phillips, L. (2011). What is strategy? diary of the Operational Research Society, 62(5), 926-929. Porter, M. (1996). What is strategy?. BOULDER Harvard Business Review. 74(6), 61-78. Raynor, M. (1998). That vision thing Do we need it? Long Range Planning, 31(3), 368-376

Prostitutes: Victims Or Offenders?

Prostitutes Victims Or Offenders?The profession of whoredom has existed since times immemorial, with some people even claiming that it is one of the oldest professions in the world. However, till nowadays energize work remains a highly stigmatized and taboo topic in most states and regions of the world. Most people tend to look down upon those who quest for it and perceive prostitutes to be despicable, wind-loving and morally corrupt feloniouss. Others sympathize with their predicawork forcet and consider them oppressed victims of circumstances in which they had no agency. It appears that in most cases, acceptance to be subjected to degradation in the form of shake up work is a direct result of poverty and lack of opportunities and hence, is a coerced choice rather than an independent one.In many countries, the profession has been given legal standing though it continues to be illegal in the United States (with the exception of ten counties in the state of Nevada), Argentina, I ndia and a material body of Muslim and Communist countries. In England and Wales, current legislations on sex-work argon far from straight-forward and leave room for much ambiguity and controversy.The Sexual Offences Act 2003 defines a prostitute as a person who on at least one occasion and whether or not compelled to do so, offers or provides internal serve to another person in return for payment or a promise of payment. Strictly speaking, whoredom is and has al dashs been legal in the United dry land though a number of laws criminalize certain activities directly connecting to it.The Sexual Offences Act, 1956 makes it an crime to keep a brothel for the use of prostitution and the 2003 Act bans make/inciting prostitution or controlling it for personal gains. Moreover, loitering or soliciting sex on the bridle-paths, pimping, pandering and kerb-crawling (the act of driving slowly against a pavement to entice somebody for intimate purposes) are all against the law.Since 2001, adverts placed in phone booths turn in been banned. Human trafficking, which arguably fuels the market for prostitution, has also been addressed under the law. There are several(prenominal) general laws in place for indecency and public nuisance which squirt be said to target the sex trade industry.In 2009, Section 14 of the Policing and Crime Act rendered it a strict liability offence to pay for the sexual services of a prostitute who has been subjected to force, threat, coercion or exploited in some way by a third party and ignorance of the circumstances will be no defence. The UK government had high hopes the creation of this new offence would reduce demand for sexual services and thereby tackle the rampant publication of sex trafficking and exploitation.Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which has been ratified by the Council of Europe and incorporated into domestic legislation through the Human Rights Act 1998, states All human beings are born free an d equal in dignity and rights. Moreover, the UDHR prohibits slavery and servitude and states no one shall be subjected to cruel, degrading or inhuman treatment. At the very essence of the Act, lies the notion that the right to equality and autonomy is either living persons birthright and cannot be alienated. Radical feminist Catherine Mackinnon1argues that women in prostitution are denied all imaginable human rights as they are prostituted exactly in order to be degraded and subjected to cruel and brutal treatment with disclose human limits it is the opportunity to do this that is exchanged when women are bought and sold for sex. She reflects The gap amongst the promise of civil rights and the real lives of prostitutes is an abyss which swallows up prostituted women. To speak of prostitution and civil rights in one breath moves the two into one world, at at once exposing and narrowing the distance between them.In a similar vein as Mackinnon, American radical feminist and one-ti me prostitute Andrea Dworkin likens a prostitute to a gang rape victim, asserting the two experience the same trauma and suffering. Oh, you say, gang rape is completely different. An innocent woman is walking down the street and she is taken by astonishment. Every woman is that same innocent woman. Every woman is taken by surprise. In a prostitutes life, she is taken by surprise over and over and over again. The gang rape is punctuated by a money exchange Thats the only difference. In Dworkins opinion, women are generally considered to be smutty and a prostitute is not a metaphor of the dirt only when in fact, a literal manifestation of scum and filth. Prostituted women are being killed every single day, and we dont think were facing anything resembling an emergency. Why should we? Theyre no one. When a man kills a prostitute, he feels righteous. It is a righteous kill. He has just gotten rid of a piece of dirt, and the society tells him he is right.Prostitution is hardly a victi mless crime it dehumanizes and commodifies women, rendering them mere objects of fetish and lust. By its very nature, it tends to be degrading for women and involves insecurity of violence in the face of both physical and sexual attacks. Perpetrators of such offences vary from pimps, abusive clients and violent bystanders waiting to catch a free ride. Women who take hold been involved in the profession often describe it as paid rape and voluntary slavery.In a research conducted by PhD of Prostitution explore Education, Melissa Farley entitled Prostitution Fact sheet on Human Rights Violations, Farley asserts that prostitution is sexual harassment, rape, battering, verbal abuse, domestic violence, a racist practice, a misdemeanour of human rights, childhood sexual abuse, a consequence of as well as a means of maintaining male domination over women. She writes All prostitution causes harm to women, whether it is being sold by ones family to a brothel, or whether it is being sexu ally abused in ones family, running away from home, and then being pimped by ones boyfriend, or whether one is in college and needs to pay for next semesters tuition and one works at a strip club behind churl where men never actually touch you all these forms of prostitution hurt the women in it.Farley and a team of researchers drafted a report titled Prostitution and trafficking in nine countries An update on violence and Posttraumatic stress disorder where they interviewed 854 current/recent prostitutes in 9 countries (Canada, Columbia, Mexico, South Africa, Thailand, Turkey, United States and Zambia) inquiring about sexual and physical violence. The results were astounding. Farley spy that prostitution is multi-traumatic 71% of the respondents were physically assaulted, 63% were raped, 89% wanted to escape prostitution but had no other career options useable and 68% met the criteria for PTSD.According to a study conducted in Exeter University in the UK, at any given time, one in four hundred women is a sex worker. The global economic crisis and recession has driven immature girls into the profession of prostitution, against their will. They enter the profession, young, gullible and vulnerable, only to be exploited by pimps and those who pay for their services. Disillusioned and exhausted, they rectify to drugs as a means of momentarily relieving themselves of their misery and pathetic state.Call girls or escorts as they are colloquially referred to, are an easy target for men who use them to get sexual favours and ruthlessly beat them up if they dare ask for money. Statistics show crimes committed against prostitutes usually go unreported and the a couple of(prenominal) that are reported with the authorities, tend to go unpunished. There seems to be tacit acceptance of this form of violence that is prevalent in society as very few people question the status quo and the deplorable state of affairs of sex workers. This moral disdain is mirrored on the j udicial level where prostitutes bear the brunt of the criminal justice system and their male counterparts, namely the pimps and clients, get off relatively lightly.The violence and abuse, prostitutes face is illustrated by the Ipswich Serial Murders. In the winter of 2006, naked departed bodies of five prostitutes at different locations were discovered in and around Ipswich, Suffolk in England. In 2008, forty-nine year old Steve Wright, pleading guilty, was convicted for murdering all five of them. A forensic scientist informed the court that Wright had had prolonged physical contact with three of the women he later killed and had left behind extensive samples of his DNA. During the courts proceedings, Wright admitted that he had been paying for sex for the last 25 years since he had been working as a steward on cruise ships. In response to the murders, Suffolk Police launched a dodging to effectively eliminate all street prostitution in the town.But the Ipswich case is not a one off instance. Neither will final result prostitution be a long-term solution. In 2001, twenty-one year old Vicky Glass had been missing for two months before her naked and decomposed body was discovered dumped in a stream near Damby, North Yorkshire. Similarly, thirty-three year old Julia Dorsett went missing in 2002. Six years later, her upper torso skeleton, imprisoned in a duvet was prepare dumped in Walthamstow. In recent times, forty year old Stephen Shaun Griffiths has been charged and convicted for murdering three prostitutes in Bradford.Soon after the Ipswich Serial Murders, an extremely pertinent and contentious issue was widely debated as to what kind of legislative measures could change the prevailing conditions of prostitutes. One of the measures proposed by the current vile Justice and Immigration Bill was the mandatory rehabilitation of women involved in the profession of sex-work. As per the Bill, street prostitutes would be obliged to attend three management ses sions with support workers. In the case of absence, they can be held up in custody for up to three days. It is argued that rather than solving the problem, such measures will exasperate it. Probation officers enforcing mandatory rehabilitation orders are as it is over-stretched and lack the relevant resources required to deal with the issues prostitutes and sex-workers face. Support services for prostitutes lack the capacity to address specific troubles of the latter(prenominal) such as client violence. For example, 15 London boroughs have no sexual health outreach provision for women in the sex industry.The Convention on the extermination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) was adopted by the United Nations in 1979 and provides for an international standard for the protection and promotion of womens human rights. The CEDAW committee, which monitors compliance with the commission, incessantly opposes hale prostitution, trafficking of women and young girls and exp loitation of prostitution. Though it does not legalize prostitution, CEDAW has in the past, urged certain countries such as China to decriminalize the trade so that women can come out in the open without fear of being labeled consensual criminals and insofar as reducing instances of HIV/AIDS, trafficking and violence against women.India, a country where an alarming number or rape incidents take place every year, suggested the legalization of the trade in 2002. Khushwant Singh, columnist and novelist wrote in an article titled How a rapist should be punished A necessary step to prevent rape is to legalise prostitution carried out in brothels or by call-girls provided the sex workers are adults and have not been forced into the trade. The more you try to put down prostitution, the higher will be the incidence of crime against innocent women. You may find the idea repulsive but ponder over it and you will realise there is substance in the argument.The United Kingdom has a number of s ex workers rights groups who argue that the only way to prevent gross human rights violations being committed against prostitutes is by completely legalizing the sex trade. They claim legislation will resolve many issues and have a positive impact on society. Not only will it allow law enforcement agencies to respond to more important crimes but it will also amend the justice system from nuisance cases and allegedly trivial litigation as well as freeing women who are caught by the shackles of prostitution and preventing teenagers from being ensnared into the profession. over the years, the authorities have adopted an ostrich-like approach towards the predicament of prostitutes legalizing the worlds oldest profession will allow the trade to be regulated and managed. Health care safety measures can be planned which will significantly reduce instances of sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV and herpes simplex virus. Pimps and traffickers will be prevented from treating prostitute s on sub-human levels. Moreover, studies have found that when brothels are closed, incidents of rape tend to increase significantly. Countries where prostitution is legal, report less cases of murder, rape, and HIV/AIDS. Suicide rates have also been found to be lower along with divorce rates.On the other hand, a research conducted by the London School of Economics, German Institute for Economic explore and Heidelberg University revealed that out of the 116 countries sampled, those where prostitution was legal displayed a higher inflow of trafficking as compared to those countries where the trade was illegal. Furthermore, legislation will not remove the stigma attached to sex work and neither will it improve the economic conditions of those who resort to this profession.In 2000 the Home Office published Setting the Boundaries which was a thorough and detailed epitome of the law governing sexual offences. The report led to the milestone metamorphosis of the Sexual Offences Act 2003. In 2004, yet another strategy report was introduced, titled Paying the Price a consultation paper on prostitution. This report sought to set a realistic and coherent framework to tackle the issue of sex work. It asserted that to address the issue of social exclusion and to achieve a reduction in anti-social behaviour and violence against women, an in-depth debate on prostitution is imperative. Organised criminality, including trafficking and substantial drug misuse, and sexually and drug transmitted infection, are all part of the problem. Systematic abuse, violence and exploitation are endemic. The strategy include prevention, tackling demand, developing routes out, ensuring justice and dealing with street prostitution.As per the Home Office, in the UK as many as 60 women involved in prostitution have been murdered in the last 10 years 80,000 women work in on-street prostitution and the average age women become involved is a deficient 12 years. Though the arguments against legaliz ing prostitution are plentiful and relevant, in my opinion the trade should be decriminalized insofar as it reduces exploitation of women and children. Women involved in sex-work are treated as consensual criminals and offenders of the law but are, in fact the victims of a lawless and brutal profession that strips them of their self esteem and individuality. Putting our respectable and moral views aside, if legislation can in any way improve the existing deplorable conditions of sex workers, it should be seriously considered and accordingly reforms should be recommended by the Law Commission.http//www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2007/jun/27/ukcrime.prisonsandprobationhttp//revdlesley.blogspot.com/2010/10/impact-of-prostitution.htmlhttp//prostitution.procon.org/sourcefiles/paying_the_price.pdfhttp//www.surreycc.gov.uk/social-care-and-health/childrens-social-care/protecting-children-from-harm/protecting-and-safeguarding-children/protecting-and-safeguarding-children-publications/home-office-pro stitution-strategy-reporthttp//www.surreycc.gov.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/168614/SSCB-Prostitution-Strategy.pdfhttp//www.idppcenter.com/CEDAW_Comm_Pressures_Nations_on_Prostitution.pdfhttp//www.amnestyusa.org/sites/default/files/pdfs/cedaw_fact_sheet.pdfhttp//www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/feb/22/stopcriminalisingthevictims